E.F. Schumacher suggested in "Small is beautifull" how to minimize the useless und destructive migration to cities:

1. Create jobs where people live. The need to move or commut between places of living and working is minimized.
   
2. The cost of workplaces must be low to allow the creation of a huge number.
3. Used production processes have to be simple to avoid specialized knowledge. This is also true for organisation, provisioning of ressources, financing, sales and distribution.
4. Local available ressources should be used to produce for local markets.

Also after more than 30 years we can take this as manifesto to adress the problems we are facing today.